Physics Study Guide
Prepare for the quizzes by reviewing the following topics:
- Speed of Light: The speed of light in a vacuum is 299,792,458 meters per second (m/s).
- E=mc²: Albert Einstein’s famous equation explains mass-energy equivalence.
- Gravity: Discovered by Isaac Newton, it is the force of attraction between objects with mass.
- Unit of Force: The Newton (N) is the SI unit of force.
- Shape of the Earth: The Earth is an oblate spheroid (approximately spherical).
- Nearest Star to Earth: The Sun is the closest star to Earth, providing energy and light essential for life.
- Acceleration Due to Gravity: The standard acceleration due to gravity on Earth's surface is 9.8 m/s².
- Black Holes: A black hole is a region in space where gravity is so strong that nothing, not even light, can escape.
- Sun's Surface Temperature: The temperature at the Sun's surface is approximately 5,500°C.
- SI Unit of Mass: The kilogram (kg) is the base unit of mass in the International System of Units (SI).
- Quantum Entanglement: A phenomenon where particles remain connected, instantaneously sharing information regardless of distance.
- Theory of Relativity: Developed by Albert Einstein, it explains the relationship between space, time, and gravity.
- Spacetime: The combination of space and time into a single interwoven continuum.
- Wormholes: Hypothetical tunnels in spacetime that could connect distant points in the universe.
- Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle: States that the exact position and momentum of a particle cannot both be precisely determined at the same time.
- Chandrasekhar Limit: The maximum mass of a stable white dwarf star is approximately 1.4 times the mass of the Sun.
- Hubble Constant: The rate at which the universe is expanding, measured in kilometers per second per megaparsec.
- Schwarzschild Radius: The radius of the event horizon of a black hole, beyond which nothing can escape its gravitational pull.
- Planck's Constant: A fundamental constant used to describe the energy of photons, linking frequency and energy.
- Thermodynamics: The study of heat, energy, and their interactions with matter and radiation.