1. Phishing

What it is: Phishing is an attack where malicious actors trick users into revealing sensitive information, such as passwords or credit card details, often through fake emails or websites.

How to protect:

• Verify the sender's email before clicking links.
• Enable multi-factor authentication (MFA).
• Use email filters to block suspicious messages.

2. Malware

What it is: Malware is malicious software that can harm your system, steal data, or disrupt operations. Examples include viruses, ransomware, and spyware.

How to protect:

• Install reputable antivirus software.
• Keep software and your OS updated.
• Avoid downloading files from untrusted sources.

3. Denial of Service (DoS) Attacks

What it is: DoS attacks flood a network or server with excessive traffic, making it unavailable for legitimate users.

How to protect:

• Use firewalls and intrusion detection systems.
• Implement rate limiting on servers.
• Prepare a mitigation plan for traffic spikes.

4. Man-in-the-Middle (MitM) Attacks

What it is: MitM attacks occur when attackers intercept communication between two parties to steal or alter data.

How to protect:

• Use secure protocols like HTTPS.
• Avoid public Wi-Fi or use a VPN.
• Enable end-to-end encryption for sensitive communication.